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Background: In most developing countries like Nigeria, female sterilization is not a popular method of contraception. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of female sterilization and socio-demographic characteristics of women who had sterilization in our setting.Methodology: This was a retrospective study carried out between 1st January 1997 and 31 December 2006.A total of two hundred and one female sterilisation operations were performed but ten case notes were incomplete and therefore, one hundred and ninety one 191 were analyzed. Information retrieved from the case notes included the age, parity, religion, literacy, and type of bilateral tubal ligation. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 16.0 statistical package and the results represented in simple tables and percentages.Results: There were 16,319 deliveries during the study period and 201women had bilateral tubal ligation (BTL), giving a prevalence of 1.2%. The mean age at BTL was 30.18, while the mean parity was 4±0.6. Women between the ages of 30-39 constituted majority of the patients. In most of the women 138 (72.3%) bilateral tubal ligation was performed during caesarean section, while few women 16 (8.4%) had the procedure at laparotomy. The rest, 37(19.4%) women opted for interval BTL. Significantly more literate women (73%) sought for interval tubal ligation compared to non literate (23%) ones. A large number of the Muslims (87.5%) had BTL at laparotomy compared to the Christians (12.5%). P=0.002.Conclusion: The prevalence of bilateral tubal ligation in this study is low. There is need to encourage the uptake of female sterilization in our environment
Subject(s)
Contraception , Laparotomy , Sterilization, ReproductiveABSTRACT
Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the commonest fetal tumour but a rare cause of obstructed labour. If undiagnosed during antenatal period, high index of suspicion is required during labour to make a diagnosis. In this case report, we present a case of sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) which was diagnosed at the time of delivery. The fetus, with a massive ruptured sacrococcygeal mass, was delivered by traction and suprapubic pressure. Histology report revealed malignant sacrococcygeal teratoma. The diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) should form part of the differential diagnoses when there is obstructed labour after the delivery of the fetal shoulders so that appropriate management can be instituted.
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In developing countries like ours, patients with End Stage Renal Disease present late requiring urgent haemodialysis. The femoral vein is commonly used in this situation, as access is easier and faster with few complications. Few cases of catheter fracture and migration have been reported. We aim at reporting a case of 26-year-old woman who presented with bilateral venous femoral catheters fracture and migration. Both were successfully removed via bilateral groin exploration and venotomy. We recommend early removal in order to avert life-threatening complications.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and usage of ITNs among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a referral health facility in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the antenatal clinic of the Federal Medical Centre Azare, North-East Nigeria between October and December 2012. A structured questionnaire was administered on consenting consecutive pregnant women until the sample size was reached. Data obtained were analysed and associations were compared using 2 and Fisher’s exact test where applicable, with Pvalue <0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 197 pregnant women were recruited and interviewed. The maternal age ranged from 17-45 years with mean age of 24.2±5.5 years while the parity ranged from 0-11 with multipara constituting 95 (48.22%) and grand multipara, 29 (14.72%). While only 31 (15.74%) of the respondents had tertiary level of education, 64(32.49%) and 15(7.61%) of them had secondary and primary levels of education respectively. Twenty five (12.69%) had no formal education. Majority of the clients, 162 (82.23%) were unemployed, 14 (7.11%) were civil servants and 17 (8.63%) were petty traders. Although most of the women, 189 (95.94%), had knowledge of ITNs, only 132 (67.01%) owned them and much less, 97 (49.24%), used them. Para 5 and above were significantly more likely to use ITNs than para 1-4 and para 0 (2=21.118; P=0.03). Age, educational status, occupation, ethnic groups and religion (2=1.084; P=0.30) did not influence the use of ITNs. Thirty two (32.00%) and 23 (23.00%) of the ITN non-users gave heat and poverty respectively, as reasons for non utilization. Conclusion: Only few of the clients studied utilized ITNs mainly because of heat and poverty. Education of pregnant women to correct the myths associated with the use of ITNs will improve compliance rate.
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As an acute effect, both ethanol and methanol prolong P-R, Q-T and ST intervals in rat electrocardiogram. The R wave amplitude showed a marked increase with methanol. Other ECG abnormalities like S-T segment changes, appearance of Iso-electric S-T segment, inverted 'T' wave, ventricular ectopic and wandering pace maker were more common in methanol treated animals.